PVC or Polyvinyl Chloride pipes are used for manufacturing water mains and sewage pipes. They are used for irrigation as well. PVC pipes have successfully replaced the metal piping and are durable, light weight, easy to install, flexible and are recyclable. This makes them the most cost-efficient and sustainable plastic water pipes.
PVC is made of polyvinyl chloride, a thermoplastic material that can be molded into different desired shapes. PVC pipes are non-toxic and are considered safe. PVC pipes are versatile and are used for water transportation, and drainage solutions.
Applications of PVC Pipes
PVC Pipes being highly versatile can be used for many different applications in both pressurised and non-pressure conditions. The primary application being:
● Water Supply
● Irrigation
● Drainage
● Chemical Industry
PVC pipe sizes are available in 20mm, 25mm, 32mm, 40mm, 50mm, 63mm, 75mm, 90mm, 110mm, 140mm, 160mm,200mm, 250mm and 315mm in different pressure classes like 2.5Kg, 4Kg, 6Kg, 10Kg & 15Kg. . Pipes are available in either solvent fit types or Rubber ring fit type in 3 mtr and 6 mtr lengths. These are based on nominal PVC pipe diameters. For actual dimensions, kindly refer to the dimension charts.
Several types of PVC fittings are available with different purposes
a. Lengthen the pipe
b. Change the direction of pipeline
c. Take out multiple outlets
d. Connect the pipe to different elements such as pumps, sprinklers, faucets, showers and other accessories.
These are fittings with three ends, two ends in a straight line and one on the side at a 90 degree angle. Tees can connect two lines into one main line or split one line into two separate lines. Tees are available with slip socket ends as well as in threaded versions.
PVC elbows are available in 90-degree as well as 45-degree angles so that you can direct your pipeline however you want it according to your plumbing connection.
Cross Tee is a type of pipe fitting used to join four pipe sections. They have four slip connections that meet at 90 degree angles and look like a plus shape.
Couplings are the most common and inexpensive PVC pipe fittings. They connect two pipes with each other or a pipe to a fitting permanently. Union like couplings connect pipes and fittings but are not permanent and can be detached easily.
The role of cap is very simple : to stop water flow. They are used at the end of the pipeline that does not need to be connected to another pipe. You can remove the cap later on to expand the pipeline. While caps are used to stop the flow in pipes, plugs are used to stop the water flow in fittings.
Adapters are versatile fittings and are used to change the end type of the pipe so that it can connect to fittings and pipes of many sizes. Bushings function a lot like adapters except for the fact that the focus is on connecting pipes of different diameters. This is done by reducing the fitting.
In order to connect two female ends of a PVC system, nipples are used. A nipple is a fitting with two male-threaded ends.
Flanges increase the strength of the pipe and are those fittings that allow the connection of accessories and other items to the pipes.
A PVC saddle tee is a PVC pipe fitting used to quickly add a tee in an existing PVC pipe like the ones used in the irrigation systems. These pipe fittings are available in many sizes and are used in home plumbing systems as well as irrigation systems.
A PVC reducer is an accessory used to join two PVC pipes of different sizes, connecting a larger pipe with a smaller one. Joining two pipes with a reducer also requires solvent cement or rubber rings to make a leak free joint. PVC reducers are available in both eccentric and concentric types.
Transition fittings are used to transition from steel pipe to polyethylene pipes. They are a quick and easy way to connect various types of metallic pipes to PE pipe systems.
PVC Valves are used to adjust the flow of fluids. There are two types of valves. Throttling, non-return, and isolation. Throttling valves control the pressure and amount of liquid flowing in the pipe. Non-return valves also are known as check valves that allow the liquid to flow in one direction.
PVC Pipe Specification:
IS:4985
| Types of Pipe | Specification | PVC Pipe Sizes | Pressure Class |
| PVC UV-R Pressure Pipe | IS:4985 | 20, 25, 32, 40, 50, 63, 75, 90, 110, 140, 160, 200, 225, 250, 315 | 2.5kg, 4kg, 6kg, 10kg |
| Class of Pipes | Standard | Size Available |
| SCH-40 | ASTM D 1785 | ½”, ¾”, 1”, 1-1/4”, 1-1/2”, 2”, 2-1/2”, 3”, 4”, 6” & 8” |
| SCH-80 | ASTM D 1785 | ½”, ¾”, 1”, 1-1/4”, 1-1/2”, 2”, 2-1/2”, 3”, 4”, 6” & 8” |
IS13592
| Class of Pipe | Standard | Size Available | Joint Type |
| Type – A | IS:13592 | 75, 90, 110, 160 | Ring-Fit & Solvent-Fit |
| Type – B | IS:13592 | 75, 90, 110, 160 | Ring-Fit & Solvent-Fit |
Foam Core
| Class of Pipe | Standard | Size Available | Joint Type |
| SN-2, SN-4 & SN-8 | IS:16098-Part1 | 110, 160, 200, 250, 315 | Ring-Fit & Solven-Fit |
PVC Pipe Dimensions & PVC Pipe size chart:
1. IS:4985
| Nominal DIa. | PVC Pipe Diameter | Wall Thickness | ||||||||
| Class 1 (2.5kg) | Class 2 (4kg) | Class 3 (6kg) | Class 5 (10kg) | |||||||
| Min. | Max. | Min. | Max. | Min. | Max. | Min. | Max. | Min. | Max. | |
| 20 | 20.0 | 20.3 | 1.1 | 1.5 | ||||||
| 25 | 25.0 | 25.3 | 1.4 | 1.8 | ||||||
| 32 | 32.0 | 32.3 | 1.8 | 2.2 | ||||||
| 40 | 40.0 | 40.3 | 1.4 | 1.8 | 2.2 | 2.7 | ||||
| 50 | 50.0 | 50.3 | 1.7 | 2.1 | 2.8 | 3.3 | ||||
| 63 | 63.0 | 63.3 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 2.2 | 2.7 | 3.5 | 4.1 | ||
| 75 | 75.0 | 75.3 | 1.8 | 2.2 | 2.6 | 3.1 | 4.2 | 4.9 | ||
| 90 | 90.0 | 90.3 | 2.1 | 2.6 | 3.1 | 3.7 | 5.0 | 5.7 | ||
| 110 | 110.0 | 110.4 | 1.6 | 2.0 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 3.7 | 4.3 | 6.1 | 7.1 |
| 140 | 140.0 | 140.5 | 2.0 | 2.4 | 3.2 | 3.8 | 4.8 | 5.5 | 7.7 | 8.9 |
| 160 | 160.0 | 160.5 | 2.3 | 2.8 | 3.7 | 4.3 | 5.4 | 6.2 | 8.8 | 10.2 |
| 200 | 200.0 | 200.6 | 2.9 | 3.4 | 4.6 | 5.3 | 6.8 | 7.9 | 11.0 | 12.7 |
| 225 | 225.0 | 225.7 | 3.3 | 3.9 | 5.2 | 6.0 | 7.6 | 8.8 | 12.4 | 14.3 |
| 250 | 250.0 | 250.8 | 3.6 | 4.2 | 5.7 | 6.5 | 8.5 | 9.8 | 13.8 | 15.9 |
| 315 | 315.0 | 316.0 | 4.6 | 5.3 | 7.2 | 8.3 | 10.7 | 12.4 | 17.3 | 19.9 |
2. Dimensions chart of SCh 40/80
| Nominal Pipe Size | Outside Diameter (mm) | Wall Thick. (mm) min. | |||
| Inch | mm | Avg. | Tol. | SCH-40 | SCH-80 |
| 1/2″ | 15 | 21.34 | ±0.10 | 2.77 | 3.73 |
| 3/4″ | 20 | 26.67 | ±0.10 | 2.87 | 3.91 |
| 1” | 25 | 33.40 | ±0.13 | 3.38 | 4.55 |
| 1-1/4” | 32 | 42.16 | ±0.13 | 3.56 | 4.85 |
| 1-1/2” | 40 | 48.26 | ±0.15 | 3.68 | 5.08 |
| 2” | 50 | 60.32 | ±0.15 | 3.91 | 5.54 |
| 2-1/2” | 65 | 73.02 | ±0.18 | 5.16 | 7.01 |
| 3” | 80 | 88.90 | ±0.20 | 5.49 | 7.62 |
| 4” | 100 | 114.3 | ±0.23 | 6.02 | 8.56 |
| 6” | 150 | 168.28 | ±0.28 | 7.11 | 10.97 |
| 8” | 200 | 219.08 | ±0.38 | 8.18 | 12.70 |
3. Dimension chart of SWR
| Nominal Dia. | Mean OD | Wall Thickness | ||||
| Type-A | Type-B | |||||
| mm | Min. | Max. | Min. | Max. | Min. | Max. |
| 75 | 75.0 | 75.3 | 1.80 | 2.20 | 3.20 | 3.80 |
| 90 | 90.0 | 90.3 | 1.90 | 2.30 | 3.20 | 3.80 |
| 110 | 110.0 | 110.4 | 2.20 | 2.70 | 3.20 | 3.80 |
| 160 | 160.0 | 160.5 | 3.20 | 3.80 | 4.00 | 4.60 |
4. Dimension chart of Foam core
| Nominal Dia. | Mean OD | Wallthick (Inner Layer) | Wall Thickness of Pipe (Min.) | |||
| mm | Min. | Max. | Min. | SN2 (SDR51) | SN4 (SDR41) | SN8 (SDR34) |
| 110 | 110.0 | 110.4 | 0.4 | 2.70 | 3.20 | |
| 160 | 160.0 | 160.5 | 0.5 | 3.20 | 4.00 | 4.70 |
| 200 | 200.0 | 200.6 | 0.6 | 3.90 | 4.90 | 5.90 |
| 250 | 250.0 | 250.8 | 0.7 | 4.90 | 6.20 | 7.30 |
| 315 | 315.0 | 316.0 | 0.8 | 6.20 | 7.70 | 9.20 |
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